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CentOS添加EPEL仓库与编译安装软件实战教程
馃槺 浣犵殑CentOS鏄笉鏄€荤己杩欏皯閭ｏ紵瀹樻柟浠撳簱缈婚亶浜嗛兘鎵句笉鍒版兂瑕佺殑杞欢锛熷埆鎬ョ潃鎽旈敭鐩橈紒浠婂ぉ鍜变滑鏁寸偣纭牳鐨勨€斺€斿乏鎵嬬粰绯荤粺寮€涓€岃蒋浠惰秴甯傘€岴PEL浠撳簱锛屽彸鎵嬫暀浣犵帺杞€屾墜宸ユ墦閫犮€嶇紪璇戝畨瑁咃紝淇濆噯璁╀綘鐨凩inux鎶€鑳藉師鍦拌捣椋烇紒
馃洜锔?绗竴绔狅細EPEL浠撳簱鍒板簳鏄釜鍟ワ紵
鍚杩囨窐瀹濆崠瀹跺崌绾ф垚澶╃尗瓒呭競鐨勬晠浜嬪悧锛烢PEL锛圗xtra Packages for Enterprise Linux锛夊氨鏄孩甯界郴鐨勩€岃璇佺涓夋柟浠撳簱銆嶏紝閲岄潰濉炰簡8000澶氫釜瀹樻柟浠撳簱娌℃湁鐨勫疂璐濊蒋浠躲€傛瘮濡侾ython3鍏ㄧ郴鍒椼€佹渶鏂扮増Nginx锛岃繕鏈夊悇绉嶅紑鍙戝伐鍏烽摼銆?/p>
鈥?strong>鈥嬫墜鎶婃墜娣诲姞EPEL鈥?/strong>鈥嬶細
- 鎵撳紑缁堢杈撳叆锛堢洿鎺ュ鍒跺氨琛岋級锛?/li>
bash澶嶅埗sudo yum install epel-release
- 鐪嬪埌"Is this ok [y/d/N]?"鏋滄柇鏁瞴
- 瀹屼簨鍎垮悗鏇存柊缂撳瓨锛?code>sudo yum makecache
杩欐椂鍊欐湁灏忎紮浼磋闂細鈥?strong>鈥嬭浜咵PEL浼氫笉浼氬奖鍝嶇郴缁熺ǔ瀹氾紵鈥?/strong>鈥?br/> 杩欎箞璇村惂锛孍PEL鐨勮蒋浠惰櫧鐒朵笉绠楀畼鏂逛翰鍎垮瓙锛屼絾閮芥槸缁忚繃涓ユ牸娴嬭瘯鐨勩€傛垜鑷繁鐨勭敓浜ф湇鍔″櫒鐢ㄤ簡浜斿勾锛屾病鍑鸿繃骞鸿浘瀛愩€備笉杩囪璁颁綇鈥斺€斺€?strong>鈥嬪埆鍚屾椂鍚敤澶氫釜绗笁鏂规簮鈥?/strong>鈥嬶紝瀹规槗寮曞彂渚濊禆鍐茬獊銆?/p>
馃挕 绗簩绔狅細EPEL瀹炴垬韪╁潙璁板綍
涓婂懆甯寮熻TensorFlow鏈嶅姟锛屾娲绘壘涓嶅埌python3-pip鍖呫€傚姞涓奅PEL浠撳簱鍚庣洿鎺?code>yum install python3-pip绉掓垚鍔燂紝瀛﹀紵褰撳満鎯婃帀涓嬪反銆傝繖閲屽垎浜笁涓珮棰戦棶棰橈細
鈥?strong>鈥嬧枏 鐘跺喌涓€锛欳ouldn't resolve host鈥?/strong>鈥?br/> 杩欏叓鎴愭槸缃戠粶鎶介锛岃瘯璇曪細
bash澶嶅埗ping mirrors.aliyun.com # 妫€娴嬬綉缁滆繛閫氭€?/span> sudo yum clean all # 娓呯┖缂撳瓨閲嶈瘯
鈥?strong>鈥嬧枏 鐘跺喌浜岋細Conflict with installed package鈥?/strong>鈥?br/> 閬囧埌渚濊禆鍐茬獊鍒厡锛岀敤杩欎釜鍛戒护鏌ョ湅鍏冨嚩锛?/p>
bash澶嶅埗rpm -qa | grep 鍐茬獊鍖呭悕
瀹炲湪鎼炰笉瀹氬氨鍔?code>--skip-broken鍙傛暟涓存椂璺宠繃
鈥?strong>鈥嬧枏 鐘跺喌涓夛細GPG key retrieval failed鈥?/strong>鈥?br/> 瀵嗛挜楠岃瘉澶辫触鏃讹紝鍙互涓存椂鍏抽棴鏍￠獙锛堜粎闄愭祴璇曠幆澧冿級锛?/p>
bash澶嶅埗sudo yum install --nogpgcheck 鍖呭悕
馃殌 绗笁绔狅細缂栬瘧瀹夎浠庡叆闂ㄥ埌鍏ュ湡
褰揈PEL閮芥弧瓒充笉浜嗕綘鐨勯渶姹傛椂锛堟瘮濡傝瑁呯壒瀹氱増鏈殑Redis锛夛紝灏卞緱绁嚭缁堟瀬澶ф嫑鈥斺€旂紪璇戝畨瑁呫€傝繖灏卞儚涔板疁瀹跺鍏疯嚜宸辩粍瑁咃紝铏界劧楹荤儲浣嗚兘鑷敱瀹氬埗銆?/p>
鈥?strong>鈥嬪畬鏁村洓姝ヨ蛋鈥?/strong>鈥嬶細
1锔忊儯 鈥?strong>鈥嬩笅婧愮爜鈥?/strong>鈥嬶細
bash澶嶅埗wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.25.3.tar.gz
2锔忊儯 鈥?strong>鈥嬭В鍘嬭繘宸ュ湴鈥?/strong>鈥嬶細
bash澶嶅埗tar zxvf nginx-1.25.3.tar.gz && cd nginx-1.25.3
3锔忊儯 鈥?strong>鈥嬬敾璁捐鍥锯€?/strong>鈥嬶紙閰嶇疆鍙傛暟锛夛細
bash澶嶅埗./configure --prefix=/opt/nginx --with-http_ssl_module
4锔忊儯 鈥?strong>鈥嬪紑骞测€?/strong>鈥嬶細
bash澶嶅埗make -j4 && sudo make install
杩欓噷鏈変釜鈥?strong>鈥嬭鐨勬暀璁€?/strong>鈥嬭璇达細鍘诲勾缁欏鎴风紪璇慜penSSL鏃舵墜婊戞病鍔?code>--prefix鍙傛暟锛岀粨鏋滄妸绯荤粺鑷甫鐨刼penssl瑕嗙洊浜嗭紝鐩存帴瀵艰嚧鎵€鏈塰ttps鏈嶅姟鐦棯锛佹墍浠モ殸锔忊€?strong>鈥嬪姟蹇呮寚瀹氬畨瑁呰矾寰勨€?/strong>鈥嬧殸锔?/p>
馃啔 绗洓绔狅細EPEL vs 缂栬瘧瀹夎鎬庝箞閫夛紵
| 瀵规瘮椤?/th> | EPEL瀹夎 | 缂栬瘧瀹夎 |
|---|---|---|
| 瀹夎閫熷害 | 鈿￠棯鐢佃埇蹇紙3绉掕瀹岋級 | 馃悽榫熼€燂紙缁忓父鍗婂皬鏃惰捣锛?/td> |
| 杞欢鐗堟湰 | 杈冪ǔ瀹氫絾鍙兘婊炲悗 | 闅忔椂杩芥柊 |
| 渚濊禆绠＄悊 | 鍏ㄨ嚜鍔ㄥ鐞?/td> | 鎵嬪姩瀹夎缂虹殑搴?/td> |
| 鍗歌浇闅惧害 | 涓€鍙?code>yum remove鎼炲畾 | 寰楁墜鍔ㄥ垹鏂囦欢 |
| 閫傜敤鍦烘櫙 | 90%鐨勫父瑙勯渶姹?/td> | 瀹氬埗鍔熻兘/鏈€鏂扮増寮鸿揩鐥?/td> |
涓句釜鐪熷疄妗堜緥锛氬叕鍙哥埇铏」鐩渶瑕丳ython3.10锛屼絾EPEL鏈€楂樺彧鍒?.9銆傝繖鏃跺€欏彧鑳戒笅杞絇ython婧愮爜鑷繁缂栬瘧锛屽姞涓?code>--enable-optimizations鍙傛暟杩樿兘鎻愬崌15%杩愯鏁堢巼銆?/p>
馃 绗簲绔狅細鐙鐢熷瓨鎸囧崡
- 鈥?strong>鈥嬪紑鍙戝伐鍏峰叏瀹舵《鈥?/strong>鈥嬪繀椤绘彁鍓嶈濂斤細
bash澶嶅埗sudo yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
- 缂栬瘧澶辫触鏃跺厛鐪?code>config.log锛屾瘮鐧惧害绠＄敤鍗佸€?/li>
- 鐢?code>checkinstall鎵撳寘鑷畾涔塺pm锛岄伩鍏嶇郴缁熷彉鑴忥紙绉佽棌鎶€宸э級
- 璁颁綇杩欎釜涓囪兘璇婃柇鍛戒护锛?/li>
bash澶嶅埗ldd /usr/local/bin/杞欢鍚? # 妫€鏌ュ姩鎬佸簱渚濊禆
鏇剧粡涓轰簡瑁呮煇涓喎闂ㄦ暟鎹簱锛屾垜鎵嬪姩瑁呬簡17涓緷璧栧簱銆傚悗鏉ュ彂鐜板叾瀹炲彲浠ョ敤yum provides */libxxx.so鍙嶅悜鏌ユ壘锛屽皯璧颁袱灏忔椂寮矾銆傛墍浠ヨ鍟婏紝Linux鐜╃殑灏辨槸涓俊鎭樊锛?/p>
馃 涓汉瑙佽В鏃堕棿
鐢ㄤ簡杩欎箞澶氬勾CentOS锛屾垜瑙夊緱EPEL灏卞儚娉￠潰閲岀殑璋冩枡鍖呪€斺€斾笉鏄富鑿滀絾鑳借浣撻獙缈诲€嶃€傝嚦浜庣紪璇戝畨瑁呭槢锛屽缓璁柊鎵嬪厛鍦ㄨ櫄鎷熸満閲岀粌鎵嬨€傛湁涓暟鎹綘浠搧鍝侊細EPEL浠撳簱鐩墠鎵樼鐫€8300+涓蒋浠跺寘锛岃€岀紪璇戝畨瑁呯殑骞冲潎澶辫触鐜囧湪40%宸﹀彸锛堟牴鎹甃inux鍩洪噾浼?023骞存姤鍛婏級銆傛墍浠ュ埆澶撮搧锛岃兘yum瑙ｅ喅鐨勫氨鍒姌鑵炬簮鐮佸暒锛?/p>
鏈€鍚庤涓喎鐭ヨ瘑锛欵PEL浠撳簱鐨勭淮鎶ゅ洟闃熸湁300澶氫汉杞彮瀹℃煡杞欢锛屾瘮寰堝鍏徃鐨勮繍缁村洟闃熼兘涓撲笟銆備笅娆＄湅鍒癊PEL鐨勮蒋浠跺寘锛屾斁蹇冨ぇ鑳嗙敤灏卞畬浜嬩簡锛?/p>