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涓€銆佺嚎绋嬫睜鏄釜鍟ワ紵涓哄暐瑕佺敤瀹冿紵

涓句釜鏍楀瓙馃尠锛氫綘寮€浜嗕竴瀹跺ザ鑼跺簵锛堢▼搴忥級锛岄【瀹紙浠诲姟锛夋潵浜嗗氨闆囦釜涓存椂宸ワ紙绾跨▼锛夛紝浜轰竴璧板氨杈為€€銆傜粨鏋滈珮宄版湡鏉ヤ簡100涓【瀹紝浣犲綋鍦虹牬浜р€斺€斺€?strong>鈥嬪唴瀛樼垎鐐糕€?/strong>鈥嬶紒
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浜屻€佹墜鎶婃墜鏁欎綘涓ょ鍒涘缓鏂瑰紡

1. 鐢ㄧ幇鎴愮殑宸ュ叿绫伙紙Executors锛?/h4>

閫傚悎鍒氬叆闂ㄧ殑灏忕櫧锛屼唬鐮侀噺灏戝埌鍝細

java澶嶅埗
// 濂惰尪搴楁爣閰?鍛樺伐锛屾渶澶?0浜猴紝澶氫綑璁㈠崟瀛橀槦鍒?/span>
ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5); 

杩欒浠ｇ爜鏆楄棌鐜勬満锛?/p>

• 鈥?strong>鈥媙ewFixedThreadPool鈥?/strong>鈥嬶細鍥哄畾浜烘暟锛岄€傚悎绋冲畾娴侀噺
• 鈥?strong>鈥媙ewCachedThreadPool鈥?/strong>鈥嬶細寮规€ф墿缂╁锛岄€傚悎绐佸彂娴侀噺
• 鈥?strong>鈥媙ewSingleThreadExecutor鈥?/strong>鈥嬶細鍗曠嚎绋嬶紝淇濊瘉椤哄簭鎵ц

浣嗘敞鎰忥紒杩欎簺鏂规硶搴曞眰閮界敤浜嗏€?strong>鈥婰inkedBlockingQueue鈥?/strong>鈥嬶紝闃熷垪鑳芥棤闄愬爢绉换鍔♀€斺€斿皬蹇冨唴瀛樻硠婕忚繖涓€佸叚锛?/p>

---

2. 鑷畾涔夐珮绾х帺瀹剁増锛圱hreadPoolExecutor锛?/h4>

鑰佸徃鏈洪兘鐖辫繖涔堢帺锛?涓弬鏁扮湅鐫€澶村ぇ锛熷叾瀹炶秴绠€鍗曪細

java澶嶅埗
new ThreadPoolExecutor(
    5, // 鏍稿績鍛樺伐5浜猴紙corePoolSize锛?/span>
    10, // 蹇欎笉杩囨潵鏈€澶氶泧10浜猴紙maximumPoolSize锛?/span>
    60L, // 闂叉椂60绉掓病娲诲共灏辫鍛橈紙keepAliveTime锛?/span>
    TimeUnit.SECONDS, // 鏃堕棿鍗曚綅
    new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(100), // 鎺掗槦鍖烘渶澶?00鍗曪紙workQueue锛?/span>
    Executors.defaultThreadFactory(), // 鍛樺伐鍩硅鎵嬪唽锛坱hreadFactory锛?/span>
    new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy() // 鐖嗗崟鏃剁洿鎺ユ嫆鎺ワ紙handler锛?/span>
);

鍙傛暟瀵圭収琛紙寤鸿鏀惰棌锛夛細

鍙傛暟鍚?/th>	浣滅敤	甯歌鍧戠偣
corePoolSize	姝ｅ紡宸ユ暟閲?/td>	鍒澶ぇ娴垂璧勬簮
maximumPoolSize	涓存椂宸?姝ｅ紡宸ヤ笂闄?/td>	瓒呰繃CPU鏍告暟鍙嶈€屽彉鎱?/td>
workQueue	鍊欏鍖哄骇浣嶆暟	鐢ㄦ棤鐣岄槦鍒楀彲鑳藉唴瀛樼垎鐐?/td>
handler	鐖嗗崟鏃剁殑澶勭悊绛栫暐	閫夐敊绛栫暐浼氬鑷翠换鍔′涪澶?/td>

---

涓夈€佷唬鐮佸疄鎴橈細濂惰尪搴楀彨鍙风郴缁?/h3>

鍋囪鍜变滑瑕佸鐞?0鏉鍗曪細

java澶嶅埗
public class MilkTeaShop {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
            3, 5, 30, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
            new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(10)
        );
        
        // 50涓【瀹㈡潵涓嬪崟
        for (int i = 1; i <= 50; i++) {
            final int orderNum = i;
            pool.execute(() -> {
                System.out.println("姝ｅ湪鍒朵綔绗? + orderNum + "鏉ザ鑼?..");
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(2000); // 妯℃嫙鍒朵綔鏃堕棿
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                System.out.println("鉁?绗? + orderNum + "鏉畬鎴愶紒");
            });
        }
        pool.shutdown(); // 鎵撶儕鏃跺埆蹇樹簡鍏冲簵锛?/span>
    }
}

杩愯杩欐浠ｇ爜浣犱細鍙戠幇锛?/p>

1. 鍓?鏉洿鎺ュ紑鍋氾紙鏍稿績绾跨▼锛?/li>
2. 绗?-13鏉湪鎺掗槦锛堥槦鍒楀閲?0锛?/li>
3. 绗?4-50鏉洿鎺モ€?strong>鈥嬫嫆缁濇湇鍔♀€?/strong>鈥嬶紙鍥犱负maxPoolSize=5锛岄槦鍒?0锛屾€诲叡鍙兘澶勭悊15涓級

杩欐椂鍊欏氨闇€瑕佽皟鏁寸瓥鐣モ€斺€旀瘮濡傛敼鐢ㄢ€?strong>鈥婥allerRunsPolicy鈥?/strong>鈥嬶紝璁╄€佹澘浜茶嚜涓嬪満鍋氬ザ鑼讹紒

---

鍥涖€佷釜浜鸿俯鍧戠粡楠岃皥

1. 鈥?strong>鈥嬬嚎绋嬫暟涓嶆槸瓒婂瓒婂ソ鈥?/strong>鈥嬶細CPU瀵嗛泦鍨嬩换鍔″缓璁涓烘牳蹇冩暟+1锛孖O瀵嗛泦鍨嬪彲浠?鍊嶆牳蹇冩暟
2. 鈥?strong>鈥嬭鎯昈OM涓変欢濂椻€?/strong>鈥嬶細
   • Executors.newFixedThreadPool锛堟棤鐣岄槦鍒楋級
   • Executors.newCachedThreadPool锛堟棤鐣岀嚎绋嬫暟锛?/li>
   • Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor锛堟棤鐣岄槦鍒楋級
3. 鈥?strong>鈥嬬洃鎺х鍣ㄦ帹鑽愨€?/strong>鈥嬶細鐢↗MX鎴栬€匰pringBoot Actuator鏌ョ湅绾跨▼姹犵姸鎬侊紝姣旂畻鍛借繕鍑嗭紒

鍒氬叆琛岄偅浼氬効锛屾垜鍦ㄧ敓浜х幆澧冪敤newCachedThreadPool澶勭悊鍥剧墖涓婁紶锛岀粨鏋滃崐澶滄祦閲忔毚娑ㄧ洿鎺ユ悶鎸傛湇鍔″櫒鈥斺€旂幇鍦ㄦ兂鎯宠繕鑲濆効棰ゃ€傛墍浠ュ晩锛屸€?strong>鈥嬬嚎绋嬫睜鐢ㄥ緱濂斤紝涓嬬彮鍥炲鏃╋紱閰嶇疆涓嶄笂蹇冿紝鍔犵彮鍒板噷鏅ㄢ€?/strong>鈥嬨€?/p>

鏈€鍚庤鍙ユ帍蹇冪獫瀛愮殑锛氬埆瑙夊緱搴曞眰婧愮爜寰堥毦灏变笉鏁㈢銆傚綋鍒濇垜鐮旂┒ThreadPoolExecutor婧愮爜鏃讹紝鍙戠幇瀹冪殑璁捐灏卞儚涓櫤鑳借皟搴︿腑蹇冿紝鍚勭鎷掔粷绛栫暐鍏跺疄閮芥槸淇濇姢绯荤粺鐨勫畨鍏ㄩ榾銆傜幇鍦ㄦ柊寤虹嚎绋嬫睜鎴戦兘鐩存帴鐢═hreadPoolExecutor鏋勯€犲嚱鏁帮紝鍙傛暟鏄庢槑鐧界櫧鍐欑潃锛屾瘮鐢‥xecutors宸ュ叿绫诲畨蹇冨浜嗐€備綘涓婃墜璇曡瘯锛屼繚鍑嗘墦寮€鏂颁笘鐣岀殑澶ч棬锛?/p>